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The NanoMemPro IPPC database focus the operations where membranes are introduced as Best Available Techniques in the industrial areas addressed by the IPPC Directive. The Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive was adopted by the European Council on September 24, 1996. It defines the obligations with which highly polluting industrial and agricultural activities must comply.〔()〕 It establishes a procedure for authorizing these activities: a permit is issued if certain environmental conditions are met. The IPPC Directive aims to minimise pollution from various sources throughout the European Union (it concerns both new and existing installations). To do so, all industrial installations covered by the Annex I of the IPPC Directive (see 〔()〕) are required to obtain an authorisation (permit) from the authorities in the EU countries before they are allowed to operate. The permits granted must be based on the concept of Best Available Techniques (or BAT). The IPPC Directive covers 33 industrial sectors where in almost all of them membrane processes appear as BAT, not only as and end-of-pipe solution for effluent treatment but mainly as a part of the industrial production processes. Membrane process integration play a crucial role, depending on the industrial sector in which they are integrated, and these roles may be: * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「NanoMemPro IPPC Database」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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